INTERROGATING SUSPECTS IN CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE CASES

Setting

Interrogations should be conducted one-on-one (meaning only the suspect and interrogator are present in the room). A private setting is necessary because an interrogator would be unable to control the comments and body language of any third person. Having only the investigator and the suspect in the room provides that the suspect will receive only the interrogator's verbal and nonverbal cues. A third person could ask a question or make a statement at the wrong time or mention facts that the interrogator does not want a suspect to hear. From the suspect's point of view, it may also be psychologically easier to admit a mistake or confess a crime to one person at a time.

Observation

If possible, every interrogation should be observed by another investigator. Observation can take place through a one-way mirror or by using audio equipment (such as a microphone) or video equipment (such as a hidden camera). When these methods are unavailable, investigators may use an inexpensive audio monitoring system (such as a baby monitor).

Reasons for Having the Interrogations Observed

• Protects the interrogator from physical assaults. Upon seeing or hearing threats, the observing investigator can intervene or summon help.
• Protects the interrogator from false allegations that he or she verbally or physically abused the suspect or used racial slurs.
• Allows the observer to act as a coach for the interrogator. During breaks, the observer may advise the interrogator about possible themes, strategies, and questions to pursue or suggest what does and what does not appear to be working.
• May help the observer obtain a confession in a subsequent interrogation (in the event that the first interrogator does not obtain one). Having seen and heard what transpired during the first interrogation, an observer may be able to pick up where the original interrogator left off, without pursuing or repeating unproductive lines of questioning. Second interrogators are often successful in obtaining confessions.
• Provides a witness to the interrogation. Unlike the interrogator-who faces a risk of distracting or offending the suspect-an observer can take notes on what he or she sees and hears. Observers may record notes and observations that can be used later in court.